Coach crash prevention system tracks drivers' eyes
The Dutch firm co-ordinating
the trial says it does not believe the cameras are distracting
Coach drivers' eye movements and
blinks are to be tracked by computers as part of a test to see whether the tech
could be used to prevent accidents on long distance trips.
Five firms have each fitted the product to two coaches as part of a trial
taking place across continental Europe.
Seeing Machines' Fatigue Monitoring System is already used by miners.
However, one expert cautioned it was unclear whether it would improve safety
in the coach industry.
The Australian firm's product uses special cameras installed inside a vehicle
to monitor the driver's gaze.
Royal Beuk hopes to install the
safety system across its fleet of coaches
If it detects they are distracted or taking "microsleeps" - naps that can
last less than a second and take place without the person's knowledge - it
activates a vibration motor built into their seat.
In addition it triggers an alarm in the co-driver's sleeping compartment to
alert them to the fact they should take over control of the vehicle.
The patented technology uses invisible infrared light to detect the driver's
eyes in the dark without distracting them, and can be used even if they are
wearing glasses.
Seeing Machines' chief executive suggested the system could detect the risk
of an accident at an earlier point than alternative products such as lane
detection cameras and steering wheel monitoring sensors.
Seeing Machines' system can
track driver's eye movements in a dark coach cabin
"Coach accidents aren't that frequent, but when they do happen they are so
catastrophic that they make the [newspaper] front pages and in a lot of cases it
is almost the end of the coach company involved as no-one wants to ride with
them anymore," Ken Kroeger told the BBC.
"The way the technology works is that it tracks your head position and your
eye aperture.
"If you turn your head beyond a certain angle for a specified duration while
moving over a certain speed, it will remind you your eyes should be on the
road.
"Then for fatigue it looks at the frequency of blinking, the velocity of the
eyelid when it's opening and the duration of the eye closure to determine if
it's a microsleep."
Seeing Machines has teamed up with the coach operator Royal Beuk to hold the
trial.
The Dutch firm has installed the tech on two of its vehicles and has
recruited a further four coach firms to do likewise.
Caterpillar already distributes
Seeing Machines tech to the mining industry
Over the winter months the vehicles will travel from the Netherlands to ski
resorts in Austria, Switzerland and Italy. Then, in the summer, they will travel
to southern parts of France, Italy and Spain.
"There are competitor products on the market and we evaluated a few of them,"
Royal Beuk's research manager Marc Beuk said.
"But all of the others required something from the driver. One system
required them to wear a special hat, another involved special glasses hooked up
to wires.
"This was the only device that we know of that didn't give the driver
something to do - once he turns the ignition key the system boots up and it
starts monitoring him."
He added that if the nine-month test was a success, his firm intended to
install the kit across its 60-vehicle fleet and act as its European distributor.
Coach crashes
In recent years driver fatigue has been blamed for several accidents.
US investigators said it was a factor in a bus crash in which 15 passengers
died in New York in 2011, as well as another similar incident which killed four
people in Virginia last year.
In the UK, a coroner cited it as the reason a coach veered off the M25
motorway near Slough, Berkshire, in 2003, resulting in the deaths of six
people.
The system pairs its cameras
with an industrial computer and location and motion sensors
However, one expert warned it was unclear exactly how common the problem
was.
"Crashes are very rare when measured per kilometre, nevertheless they do
occur and some of these may be related to fatigue, although very little is known
about the precise numbers," said Prof Pete Thomas, head of the Transport Safety
Research Centre at Loughborough University.
"The trial of a driver-fatigue detection system for coach drivers will
provide useful further information to help improve coach safety, although it is
important the trials are properly scientifically controlled.
"Other factors such as speed and alcohol may also be important causes of
coach crashes and bus operators should continue to reduce all types of risks."
It currently costs the mining industry about £10,000 to install Seeing
Machines' equipment in each vehicle on top of a continuing licence fee.
But the firm said that if the trial was a success it intended to offer coach
firms a "less rugged" version that would be about a quarter of the cost.
It added it was also in early-stage talks to introduce its products to the
airline industry.
